Surveillance of schistosomiasis in a national surveillance site of Jurong City, 2015–2017 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the endemic situation and control effect of schistosomiasis through the surveillance in a national surveillance site of Jurong City, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the prevention and control measures. Methods According to the National Schistosomiasis Monitoring Scheme (2014 Edition), the surveillance of schistosome infection in Oncomelania hupensis snails, residents and livestock was performed in the Kongqing Village, a national surveillance site of Jurong City, from 2015 to 2017. Results The areas with snails were 0, 0, and 0.63 hm2 in 2015, 2016, and 2017 respectively; the average densities of living snails were 0, 0, and 0.19 snails/0.1 m2 in 2015, 2016, and 2017 respectively. No schistosome-infected snails were found. The positive rates of blood tests for schistosomiasis in the local residents were 7.72%, 7.45% and 3.45%, and the positive rates of blood tests in the floating population were 4.90%, 3.47% and 0.97% in 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively. No positives were found in the schistosome etiology detection in the crowd and livestock. Conclusions The effect of schistosomiasis prevention and control is obvious in Jurong City, but O. hupensis snails are still of recurrence. Therefore, the monitoring and control efforts should be strengthened to consolidate the achievements of schistosomiasis prevention and control.

Surveillance of schistosomiasis in a national surveillance site of Jurong City, 2015–2017 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the endemic situation and control effect of schistosomiasis through the surveillance in a national surveillance site of Jurong City, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the prevention and control measures. Methods According to the National Schistosomiasis Monitoring Scheme (2014 Edition), the surveillance of schistosome infection in Oncomelania hupensis snails, residents and livestock was performed in the Kongqing Village, a national surveillance site of Jurong City, from 2015 to 2017. Results The areas with snails were 0, 0, and 0.63 hm2 in 2015, 2016, and 2017 respectively; the average densities of living snails were 0, 0, and 0.19 snails/0.1 m2 in 2015, 2016, and 2017 respectively. No schistosome-infected snails were found. The positive rates of blood tests for schistosomiasis in the local residents were 7.72%, 7.45% and 3.45%, and the positive rates of blood tests in the floating population were 4.90%, 3.47% and 0.97% in 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively. No positives were found in the schistosome etiology detection in the crowd and livestock. Conclusions The effect of schistosomiasis prevention and control is obvious in Jurong City, but O. hupensis snails are still of recurrence. Therefore, the monitoring and control efforts should be strengthened to consolidate the achievements of schistosomiasis prevention and control.

Analysis of preventive measures on controlling of schistosomiasis spreading in Jurong city Jiangsu province / 中国地方病学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of measures on controlling of schistosomiasis in Jurong city Jiangsu province and provide a scientific basis for doing a better job in prevention and control of schistosomiasis.MethodsMonitoring data from 2005 to 2010 was analyzed,including the effect of spraying drugs,changing environment,coupled with health education measures in eradicating oncomelania.Oncomelania areas,positive detection rate of schistosomiasis,and the awareness rates of prevention knowledge of schistosome were observed longitudinally.Correlation of coverage rate of snail controlling and resident positive rate of schistosomiasis was studied.ResultsThere were no infected snails from 2005 to 2010.The densities of living snails and areas with snails decreased year by year.Residents' positive detection rate of schistosomiasis decreased from 0.34％(36/10 551 ) to 0.00％(0/12 372) from 2005 to 2010.The rates of students,and citizens' knowledge of schistosome on prevention of the disease increased from 88.28％(128/145) and 86.44％(204/236) to 96.58％(141/146) and 92.83％(246/265) from 2005 to 2010,respectively.There was a negative correlation between oncomelania areas and drug coverage areas(r =- 0.910,P ＜ 0.05 ); there was no correlation between oncomelania areas and coverage rate of snail control by environmental modification (r =- 0.404,P ＞ 0.05 ); there was no correlation between positive rate of schistosomiasis in resident and coverage rate of snail control with molluscisides,and coverage rate of snail control by environmental modification (r =0.107,- 0.496,all P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionsSnails areas in Jurong city is decreased year by year.Residents' positive detection rate of schistosomiasis infection is maintained at a low level.The effects of oncomelania-controlling,health education,and chemotherapy are remarkable.

Liver support therapy with molecular adsorbents recirculating system in liver failure: a summary of 252 cases from 14 centers in China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>A liver support therapy, named molecular adsorbents recirculating system (MARS), has been used for more than 700 liver failure patients in China. We made here a summary to evaluate the effects of MARS treatment in different applications with emphasis on hepatitis B virus (HBV) based liver failure.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This report analyzed data of 252 patients (mean age (44.9+/- 12.7) years) in three groups: acute severe hepatitis (ASH), subacute severe hepatitis (SSH) and chronic severe hepatitis (CSH). The largest group was CSH (156 patients, 61.9%), and 188 patients (74.6%, 188/252) were infected with HBV.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MARS treatments were associated with significant reduction of albumin bound toxins and water-soluble toxins. Most of the patients showed a positive response with a significant improvement of multiple organ function substantiated by a significant increase in prothrombin time activity (PTA) and median arterial pressure (MAP). There was a decrease in hepatic encephalopathy (HE) grade and Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) scale. Thirty-nine of 188 HBV patients (20.7%) dropped out of the commendatory consecutive therapy ending with lower survival of 43.6% while the rest of the 149 patients had a survival rate of 62.4%. Survival within the ASH and SSH groups were 81.2% and 75.0%, respectively. In the CSH group, end stage patients were predominant (65/151, 43%), whereas the early and middle stage patients had a better prognosis: early stage survival, including orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) survival of 91.7%, middle stage survival of 75%, end stage survival of 33.8%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MARS continues to be the most favorable extracorporeal treatment for liver support therapy in China for a wide range of conditions, including the majority of hepatitis B related liver failure conditions. The appropriate application of MARS for the right indications and stage of hepatic failure, as well as the fulfillment of prescribed treatments, will lead to the optimal therapeutic result.</p>

Gene chip analysis of mutation of HBV-DNA open reading frame / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the mutation of HBV-DNA open reading frame (ORF), provide evidences for clinical diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By using gene chip technique, HBV-DNA was amplified by PCR, incorporated with fluorescence, hybridized with oligonucleotide to detect the gene sequence of DNA by computer analysis and observe the natural mutation of HBV-DNA ORF.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mutations of HBV-DNA ORF existed widespread. The rates of mutation on Pre-C 1896, PreC 1814, BCP 1762, BCP 1764, P 528, P 552MI, P 552MV were 23.5%, 3.9%, 55.9%, 53.9%,39.2%, 38.2%, 10.8%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The gene chip technique possesses extremely high sensitivity and reliability,it is one of the effective methods to detect gene mutation. The mutation of HBV-DNA has important influence on the stability and progress of the disease, and on the judgement of prognosis.</p>

Study on the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 in peripheral blood mononuclear cell of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To examine the expression of Toll-like receptor(TLR)4 protein and the transcription of TLR4 mRNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)from patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection and explore the relationship between TLR4 and chronic HBV infec- tion.Methods The expression level and transcription level of TLR4 were determined by flow cytometre and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction respectively in PBMC from 37 chronic hepatitis patients,28 liver cirrhosis patients,31 severe hepatitis patients and 27 healthy controls. Meanwhile,liver function,as well as blood routine test,prothrombin test activity(PTA)and HBV DNA was measured.Results The expression level and transcription level of TLR4 in patients were higher than those in healthy controls(P